alt.freeweights.vision / lowformer_e1.in1k
From: timm <huggingface.co/timm>Newsgroups: alt.freeweights.visionSubject:

lowformer_e1.in1k

Date: 2026-11-15Commit: a94fdc3Signed: 2DC28CC7B26A283B ✓

Image classification model with 19M parameters. Safetensors weights, 75.7 MB in all. Published by timm under Apache-2.0.

19M params75.7MBlowformer_e1.in1ksafetensorspermissive
FactsParams19MSize75.7 MBFormatssafetensorsTaskimage classificationLicenseApache-2.0From sourcepermissive
$ fw get timm/lowformer_e1.in1k
# manifest sha256 8e561fb4a6a2… · 75.7 MB · 4 files
$ fw verify ./lowformer_e1.in1k timm/lowformer_e1.in1k
From sourceHosted (signed)timm/lowformer_e1.in1kLast check: 2026-11-15 03:36 UTC

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Overview

Size
75.7 MB
Weights
75.7 MB (safetensors)
Parameters
19M
Formats
safetensors
Task
image classification
License
Apache-2.0 (permissive)
Files
4, each with a sha256
Publisher
timm
Added
2026-11-15
Section
alt.freeweights.vision
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Model card

From the publisher at commit a94fdc3. Shown as plain text with links; images open at the publisher.

Model card for lowformer_e1.in1k#

A LowFormer image classification model. LowFormer targets real measured latency rather than MAC count, combining fused and grouped MBConv stages with an efficient attention block that projects to a lower spatial resolution with a strided depthwise convolution and upsamples the result with a transposed convolution. The E variants are the edge-GPU designs introduced in the journal extension, which trade attention for additional convolutional capacity. This checkpoint was trained on ImageNet-1k by the paper authors and converted to the timm state-dict layout.

Model Notes#

  • e1 and e2 drop both the attention and MLP branches of the LowFormer block, leaving purely convolutional stages tuned for edge GPUs.
  • The default preprocessing is encoded in the pretrained configuration: bicubic resize, ImageNet mean and standard deviation, and a center crop with crop_pct=0.95.
  • The model can be used for ImageNet-1k classification, image embeddings, or multi-scale feature-map extraction with features_only=True.
  • The accuracies above are measured in FP32. lowformer_b0 and lowformer_b1 are the variants most affected by bfloat16 autocast, losing roughly 3.0 and 1.5 Top-1 respectively; the other variants stay within 0.25 of their FP32 result. FP16 autocast matches FP32 for all variants.
  • Latency depends on the target hardware, inference runtime, export path, and batch size. See the papers for device-specific measurements and methodology.

Model Details#

Model Usage#

Image Classification#
from urllib.request import urlopen
from PIL import Image
import timm

img = Image.open(urlopen(
    'https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/beignets-task-guide.png'
))

model = timm.create_model('lowformer_e1.in1k', pretrained=True)
model = model.eval()

# get model specific transforms (normalization, resize)
data_config = timm.data.resolve_model_data_config(model)
transforms = timm.data.create_transform(**data_config, is_training=False)

output = model(transforms(img).unsqueeze(0))  # unsqueeze single image into batch of 1

top5_probabilities, top5_class_indices = torch.topk(output.softmax(dim=1) * 100, k=5)
Feature Map Extraction#
from urllib.request import urlopen
from PIL import Image
import timm

img = Image.open(urlopen(
    'https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/beignets-task-guide.png'
))

model = timm.create_model(
    'lowformer_e1.in1k',
    pretrained=True,
    features_only=True,
)
model = model.eval()

# get model specific transforms (normalization, resize)
data_config = timm.data.resolve_model_data_config(model)
transforms = timm.data.create_transform(**data_config, is_training=False)

output = model(transforms(img).unsqueeze(0))  # unsqueeze single image into batch of 1

for o in output:
    # print shape of each feature map in output
    # e.g.:
    #  torch.Size([1, 40, 56, 56])
    #  torch.Size([1, 80, 28, 28])
    #  torch.Size([1, 160, 14, 14])
    #  torch.Size([1, 320, 7, 7])

    print(o.shape)
Image Embeddings#
from urllib.request import urlopen
from PIL import Image
import timm

img = Image.open(urlopen(
    'https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/beignets-task-guide.png'
))

model = timm.create_model(
    'lowformer_e1.in1k',
    pretrained=True,
    num_classes=0,  # remove classifier nn.Linear
)
model = model.eval()

# get model specific transforms (normalization, resize)
data_config = timm.data.resolve_model_data_config(model)
transforms = timm.data.create_transform(**data_config, is_training=False)

output = model(transforms(img).unsqueeze(0))  # output is (batch_size, num_features) shaped tensor

# or equivalently (without needing to set num_classes=0)

output = model.forward_features(transforms(img).unsqueeze(0))
# output is unpooled, a (1, 320, 7, 7) shaped tensor

output = model.forward_head(output, pre_logits=True)
# output is a (1, num_features) shaped tensor

Model Comparison#

ImageNet-1k validation accuracy in FP32 with bicubic interpolation and a centered crop (crop_pct=0.95). Values are Top-1 / Top-5 percentages; only input resolution changes between columns.

ModelParams (M)224 Top-1 / Top-5256 Top-1 / Top-5288 Top-1 / Top-5
lowformer_b0.in1k14.1078.388 / 94.02679.194 / 94.46279.306 / 94.444
lowformer_b1.in1k17.9479.806 / 94.59280.260 / 94.91480.406 / 95.072
lowformer_b15.in1k33.9881.102 / 95.25881.558 / 95.47081.708 / 95.588
lowformer_b3.in1k57.0983.656 / 96.65683.988 / 96.73884.066 / 96.834
lowformer_e1.in1k18.9078.772 / 94.12079.366 / 94.45079.624 / 94.562
lowformer_e2.in1k22.7581.612 / 95.71481.982 / 95.94882.156 / 96.098
lowformer_e3.in1k41.3283.044 / 96.34483.166 / 96.53683.402 / 96.552

Citation#

@inproceedings{nottebaum2025lowformer,
  title={LowFormer: Hardware Efficient Design for Convolutional Transformer Backbones},
  author={Nottebaum, Moritz and Dunnhofer, Matteo and Micheloni, Christian},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)},
  pages={7008--7018},
  year={2025}
}
@article{nottebaum2026beyondmacs,
  title={Beyond MACs: Hardware Efficient Architecture Design for Vision Backbones},
  author={Nottebaum, Moritz and Dunnhofer, Matteo and Micheloni, Christian},
  journal={International Journal of Computer Vision},
  volume={134},
  number={6},
  pages={295},
  year={2026},
  doi={10.1007/s11263-026-02873-5}
}
@misc{rw2019timm,
  author = {Ross Wightman},
  title = {PyTorch Image Models},
  year = {2019},
  publisher = {GitHub},
  journal = {GitHub repository},
  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.4414861},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/huggingface/pytorch-image-models}}
}

Files

4 files · 75.7 MBWeights 75.7 MB (safetensors). Sizes and sha256 from the signed manifest.
Hide all 4 files with their sha256
FileSizesha256
.gitattributes1.52 KB11ad7efa24975ee4b0c3c3a38ed18737f0658a5f75a0a96787b576a78a023361
README.md7.13 KBd72f8366a088f43c19bf8eea9210987df692efc18b2ec328952ba1e316b9dbec
config.json664 Bed13de049fc30ef97690811424858e78d262f3681c4ed8f73a5324d55345bdd5
model.safetensors75.7 MB1cb1ffcffab17fb1f3de93b48d5f4d8cbeea8c7533d2cad67f70ad890ba1de99
VersionsEach time the pinned upstream commit or file list changed in this repo. Newest first.
Upstream commitDateContents
a94fdc3ef9 pinned now2026-11-15 03:36 UTC4 files · 75.7 MB

Use it

$ fw get timm/lowformer_e1.in1k
# manifest sha256 8e561fb4a6a2… · 75.7 MB · 4 files
$ fw verify ./lowformer_e1.in1k timm/lowformer_e1.in1k
fw.pyChecks the signature and every sha256, tries each source in order, resumes.
$ python3 fw.py get https://freeweights.allternit.com/manifests/timm/lowformer_e1.in1k.json --dir ./lowformer_e1.in1k $ python3 fw.py verify ./lowformer_e1.in1k ./timm__lowformer_e1.in1k.json
hfThe Hugging Face CLI with one setting. Same repo id.
$ HF_ENDPOINT=https://freeweights.allternit.com hf download timm/lowformer_e1.in1k --revision a94fdc3ef9ed029ff094d5e0dacc37c15601d0c8 --local-dir ./lowformer_e1.in1k

License

Name
Apache License 2.0
Id
Apache-2.0
Class
Permissive
Redistribution
yes
Listing
Hosted (signed)
Decided
License as declared by the publisher. No person read it. 2026-11-15
Text in
README.md
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d72f8366a088f43c19bf8eea9210987df692efc18b2ec328952ba1e316b9dbec
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Provenance

From: timm <huggingface.co/timm>Newsgroups: alt.freeweights.visionSubject: lowformer_e1.in1kDate: 2026-11-15Commit: a94fdc3Signed: 2DC28CC7B26A283B ✓
Upstream
timm/lowformer_e1.in1k
Pinned commit
a94fdc3ef9ed029ff094d5e0dacc37c15601d0c8
Manifest
lowformer_e1.in1k.json · .minisig
Manifest sha256
8e561fb4a6a219c28e314eef872bcece8b3242f8c015cca1a7f3b9e5cb331f1d
Signature
minisign, Ed25519, key 2DC28CC7B26A283B
Created
2026-11-15 03:36 UTC
Generator
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Signed manifest
minisign, key 2DC28CC7B26A283B. lowformer_e1.in1k.json. Provenance. Takedown history: none.
From: dima806 <huggingface.co/dima806>Subject: ai_vs_real_image_detection
From: legekka <huggingface.co/legekka>Subject: AI-Anime-Image-Detector-ViT
From: onnx-community <huggingface.co/onnx-community>Subject: AI-Anime-Image-Detector-ViT-ONNX
From: AICodexLab <huggingface.co/AICodexLab>Subject: answerdotai-ModernBERT-base-ai-detector
From: onnx-community <huggingface.co/onnx-community>Subject: answerdotai-ModernBERT-base-ai-detector-ONNX
From: onnx-community <huggingface.co/onnx-community>Subject: bart-large-cnn-ONNX