Snowflake arctic-embed-m-v2.0 is the newest addition to the suite of embedding models Snowflake has released optimizing for retrieval performance and inference efficiency. Arctic Embed 2.0 introduces a new standard for multilingual embedding models, combining high-quality multilingual text retrieval without sacrificing performance in English. Released under the permissive Apache 2.0 license, Arctic Embed 2.0 is ideal for applications that demand reliable, enterprise-grade multilingual search and retrieval at scale.
Key Features:
Multilingual without compromise: Excels in English and non-English retrieval, outperforming leading open-source and proprietary models on benchmarks like MTEB Retrieval, CLEF, and MIRACL.
Inference efficiency: Its 113m non-embedding parameters inference is fast and efficient for any scale.
Compression-friendly: Achieves high-quality retrieval with embeddings as small as 128 bytes/vector using Matryoshka Representation Learning (MRL) and quantization-aware embedding training. Please note that like our v1.5 model, the MRL for this model is 256 dimensions, and high-quality 128-byte compression is achieved via 4-bit quantization (e.g. using a pq256x4fs fast-scan FAISS index or using the example code published alongside our 1.5 model).
Long Context Support: arctic-embed-m-v2.0 builds on GTE-multilingual-base which can support a context window of up to 8192 via the use of RoPE.
Unlike most other open-source models, Arctic-embed-m-v2.0 excels across English (via MTEB Retrieval) and multilingual (via MIRACL and CLEF). You no longer need to support models to empower high-quality English and multilingual retrieval. All numbers mentioned below are the average NDCG@10 across the dataset being discussed.
Model Name
# params
# non-emb params
# dimensions
BEIR (15)
MIRACL (4)
CLEF (Focused)
CLEF (Full)
snowflake-arctic-m-v2.0
305M
113M
768
55.4
55.2
51.7
53.9
snowflake-arctic-m
109M
86M
768
54.9
24.9
34.4
29.1
me5 base
560M
303M
1024
51.4
54.0
43.0
34.6
bge-m3 (BAAI)
568M
303M
1024
48.8
56.8
40.8
41.3
gte (Alibaba)
305M
113M
768
51.1
52.3
47.7
53.1
Aside from high-quality retrieval, arctic delivers embeddings that are easily compressible. By leveraging vector truncation via MRL to decrease vector size by 3x with about 3% degradation in quality. Combine MRLed vectors with vector compression (Int4) to power retrieval in 128 bytes per doc.
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Load the model
model_name = 'Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0'
model = SentenceTransformer(model_name, trust_remote_code=True)
# Define the queries and documents
queries = ['what is snowflake?', 'Where can I get the best tacos?']
documents = ['The Data Cloud!', 'Mexico City of Course!']
# Compute embeddings: use `prompt_name="query"` to encode queries!
query_embeddings = model.encode(queries, prompt_name="query")
document_embeddings = model.encode(documents)
# Compute cosine similarity scores
scores = model.similarity(query_embeddings, document_embeddings)
# Output the results
for query, query_scores in zip(queries, scores):
doc_score_pairs = list(zip(documents, query_scores))
doc_score_pairs = sorted(doc_score_pairs, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
print("Query:", query)
for document, score in doc_score_pairs:
print(score, document)
You can use the transformers package to use Snowflake's arctic-embed model, as shown below. For optimal retrieval quality, use the CLS token to embed each text portion and use the query prefix below (just on the query).
import torch
from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer
model_name = 'Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0'
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(model_name, add_pooling_layer=False, trust_remote_code=True)
model.eval()
query_prefix = 'query: '
queries = ['what is snowflake?', 'Where can I get the best tacos?']
queries_with_prefix = ["{}{}".format(query_prefix, i) for i in queries]
query_tokens = tokenizer(queries_with_prefix, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors='pt', max_length=8192)
documents = ['The Data Cloud!', 'Mexico City of Course!']
document_tokens = tokenizer(documents, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors='pt', max_length=8192)
# Compute token embeddings
with torch.no_grad():
query_embeddings = model(**query_tokens)[0][:, 0]
document_embeddings = model(**document_tokens)[0][:, 0]
# normalize embeddings
query_embeddings = torch.nn.functional.normalize(query_embeddings, p=2, dim=1)
document_embeddings = torch.nn.functional.normalize(document_embeddings, p=2, dim=1)
scores = torch.mm(query_embeddings, document_embeddings.transpose(0, 1))
for query, query_scores in zip(queries, scores):
doc_score_pairs = list(zip(documents, query_scores))
doc_score_pairs = sorted(doc_score_pairs, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
#Output passages & scores
print("Query:", query)
for document, score in doc_score_pairs:
print(score, document)
Feel free to open an issue or pull request if you have any questions or suggestions about this project. You also can email Daniel Campos(daniel.campos@snowflake.com).
import os
os.environ["HF_ENDPOINT"] = "https://freeweights.allternit.com"
from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer
tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0", revision="95c2741480856aa9666782eb4afe11959938017f")
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0", revision="95c2741480856aa9666782eb4afe11959938017f", device_map="auto")
sentence-transformersEmbed text with sentence-transformers.
import os
os.environ["HF_ENDPOINT"] = "https://freeweights.allternit.com"
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
model = SentenceTransformer("Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-m-v2.0", revision="95c2741480856aa9666782eb4afe11959938017f")
vectors = model.encode(["Hello"])